Nīnau pinepine ka poʻe inā pono lākou e ʻaʻahu i kahi pāluamakaaniani pale uliulie pale i ko lākou mau maka ke nānā aku i kā lākou kamepiula, pad a i ʻole kelepona paʻa lima.Ua pololei anei ka myopia laser ma hope o ke kaʻina hana pono e ʻaʻahu i nā aniani anti-blue ray e pale ai i ka maka?No ka pane ʻana i kēia mau nīnau, pono mua ka ʻike ʻepekema o ke kukui uliuli.
ʻO ke kukui uliuli he hawewe pōkole ma waena o 400 a me 500nm, he mea nui ia o ka mālamalama maoli.He mea hōʻoluʻolu ke ʻike i ka lani uliuli a me ke kai uliuli.No ke aha wau e ʻike ai he uliuli ka lani a me ke kai?ʻO ia no ka hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻana o ke kukui uliuli pōkole o ka lā e nā ʻāpana paʻa a me ka mahu wai i ka lewa a komo i ka maka, e ʻike ʻia ka lani i ka uliuli.Ke pā ka lā i ka ʻili o ke kai, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā nalu e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ke kai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i komo ke kukui polū i ka lōʻihi hawewe pōkole o ke kukui ʻike ʻia, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka maka a ʻike ʻia ke kai uliuli.
ʻO ka pōʻino o ke kukui polū e pili ana i kēlā kukui polū hiki ke hele pololei i ka waihona kālā, a ʻo ka hana photochemical i hana ʻia e ka hoʻolaha ʻana e hiki ke hōʻino i nā ʻāpana koʻokoʻo retinal a me ka retinal pigment epithelial cell layer (RPE), ka hopena o ka macular degeneration pili makahiki.Akā, ma hope o nā makahiki o ka noiʻi ʻana, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema ʻo nā nalu pōkole wale nō o ke kukui uliuli (ma lalo o 450nm) ke kumu nui o ka pōʻino o ka maka, a ʻo ka pōʻino e pili pono ana i ka manawa a me ka nui o ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukui polū.
Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kukui LED i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā i ke kukui uliuli?Hoʻopuka nā kukui LED i ke kukui keʻokeʻo ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka phosphor melemele e ka chip polū.Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka wela kala kiʻekiʻe, aia kahi puʻupuʻu ikaika i loko o ke kāʻei polū o ka spectrum kumu kukui.Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka polū i ka hui ma lalo o 450nm, pono ia e hoʻomalu i ka nui o ka mālamalama a i ʻole ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ka LED i loko o kahi pae palekana no nā kukui kūloko maʻamau.Inā i loko o 100kcd·m -- 2 a i ʻole 1000lx, a laila ʻaʻole pōʻino kēia mau huahana i ke kukui uliuli.
ʻO kēia ka IEC62471 blue light safety standard (e like me nā maka i ʻae ʻia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka manawa hoʻonohonoho), pili kēia maʻamau i nā kumu kukui āpau ʻē aʻe i ka laser, ua ʻae ʻia e nā ʻāina.
(1) ʻAʻohe pōʻino: t > 10000s, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe pōʻino polū;
(2) He papa o nā pōʻino: 100s≤t <10000s, e ʻae ana i nā maka i ka lōʻihi o 10000 kekona e nānā pono i ke kumu kukui me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino;
(3) Nā pōʻino o ka papa II: 0.25s≤t <100s, e koi ana i nā maka e nānā i ka manawa kumu kukui ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 kekona;
(4) ʻEkolu ʻano pōʻino: t <0.25s, hiki i ka maka ke nānā aku i ke kumu kukui no 0.25 kekona hiki ke hana i nā pōʻino.
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā kukui i hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kukui LED i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia ka Category Zero a me ka Category One mau pōʻino.Inā ʻelua mau pōʻino, loaʻa iā lākou nā lepili pono (" ʻAʻole hiki i nā maka ke nānā ").ʻO ka pōʻino o ke kukui polū o ke kukui LED a me nā kumu kukui ʻē aʻe ua like ia, inā i loko o ka paepae palekana, hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kumu kukui a me nā kukui ma ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻino i nā maka kanaka.Ua hana nā ʻoihana aupuni a me nā ʻāina ʻē a me nā hui ʻoihana kukui i ka noiʻi hohonu a me ka hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike i ka photobiosafety o nā kukui a me nā ʻōnaehana kukui.Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Shanghai Lighting Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Station i 27 mau hiʻohiʻona LED mai nā kumu like ʻole, ʻo 14 o ia mau mea no ka ʻāpana ʻaʻole pōʻino a ʻo 13 o ia mau mea no ka pōʻino papa mua.No laila, palekana.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pono mākou e hoʻolohe i nā hopena maikaʻi o ke kukui uliuli ma ke kino.Ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻo nā ʻāpana ganglion retinal light-sensitive (ipRGC) e hōʻike i ka opmelanin, ʻo ia ke kuleana no nā hopena olaola ʻike ʻole i ke kino a hoʻoponopono i nā mele circadian.ʻO ka optic melanin receptor ka mea maʻalahi ma 459-485 nm, ʻo ia ka māhele hawewe polū.Hoʻoponopono ke kukui ʻulaʻula i nā mele circadian e like me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka makaʻala, ka hiamoe, ka mahana o ke kino a me ka hōʻike ʻana o ke ʻano ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka huna ʻana o ka melanin optic.Inā hoʻopilikia ʻia ka puʻupuʻu circadian, ʻino loa ia i ke olakino kanaka.Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kukui uliuli e mālama i nā kūlana e like me ke kaumaha, ka hopohopo a me ka dementia.ʻO ka lua, pili pū ke kukui uliuli i ka ʻike pō.Hoʻopuka ʻia ka hihiʻo pō e nā pūnaewele koʻokoʻo māmā, ʻoiai ʻo ke kukui polū e hana nui ʻia ma luna o nā keena koʻokoʻo.ʻO ka pale nui ʻana o ke kukui uliuli e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike pō.Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā hoʻokolohua holoholona e hiki i ke kukui pōkole-lōʻihi e like me ke kukui polū ke kāohi i ka myopia i nā holoholona hoʻokolohua.
ʻO nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole pono mākou e hoʻonui i nā hopena ʻino o ke kukui uliuli ma nā maka.Ua kānana mua nā lako uila maikaʻi i nā kukui polū pōkole pōʻino, ʻaʻohe pōʻino maʻamau.He mea waiwai wale nō nā aniani pale ʻulaʻula ke ʻike ʻia i nā pae kiʻekiʻe a me nā wā lōʻihi o ke kukui polū, a pono e hōʻole nā mea hoʻohana i ka nānā pono ʻana i nā kumu kiko'ālohilohi.Ke kohomakaaniani pale uliuli, Pono ʻoe e koho e pale i ke kukui polū pōkole pōʻino ma lalo o 450nm a mālama i ke kukui polū maikaʻi ma luna o 450nm i ka hui lōʻihi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-16-2022